10 Artificial Flower Wedding Hacks You Never Knew

Ever looked at a $3,000 wedding flower bill and thought, “There’s gotta be a better way”? You’re not alone. Three out of four brides now incorporate artificial flowers into their big day, and nobody’s the wiser.

Let me save you hours of Pinterest rabbit holes. These 10 artificial flower wedding hacks will transform your ceremony from “nice” to “how did you afford that?” without emptying your honeymoon fund.

I’ve helped over 200 budget-conscious couples create stunning artificial flower arrangements that photographed beautifully and lasted long after the last dance. No wilting, no seasonal limitations, no allergic reactions.

But here’s what most florists won’t tell you about mixing faux flowers with real ones…

Budget-Friendly Wedding Decor Solutions

Create a realistic image of a wedding reception table decorated with budget-friendly artificial flower arrangements, featuring white and pink silk roses in glass vases, surrounded by DIY centerpieces made from repurposed materials, tea lights in mason jars, and a simple white tablecloth with elegant place settings, all under warm, ambient lighting that highlights the beautiful yet affordable decor.

Creating Stunning Centerpieces at Half the Cost

Who says gorgeous centerpieces have to empty your wallet? Not me. Artificial flowers are the budget bride’s secret weapon.

Grab some dollar store vases, spray paint them in your wedding colors, and boom—instant elegance. Fill them with artificial hydrangeas, roses, or peonies arranged in foam. The best part? You can create these months before your big day.

Mix high-quality silk blooms with cheaper varieties. Place the expensive ones at eye level, with the budget options filling in the arrangement. Your guests won’t notice the difference, but your bank account will.

Try this genius hack: incorporate non-floral elements like twinkle lights, crystals, or floating candles to draw attention away from the flowers. This creates jaw-dropping centerpieces while using fewer blooms.

Building Gorgeous Archways Without Breaking the Bank

Wedding arches typically cost a fortune, but artificial flowers flip the script completely.

Start with a basic metal or wooden arch frame ($25-40 at craft stores). Then gather artificial greenery garlands as your base layer. Wisteria, eucalyptus, and ivy work beautifully and can be found for cheap online.

Cluster your statement flowers at the corners or create an asymmetrical design on one side—this uses fewer blooms while creating major visual impact. The coolest thing? You can build this months ahead, store it, and simply assemble on your wedding day.

DIY Boutonnieres and Corsages That Look Expensive

Small details like boutonnieres can really add up. The solution? Make them yourself with artificial flowers.

Cut stems short, group 2-3 small blooms with a touch of greenery, and wrap the stems with floral tape followed by ribbon or twine. Add personal touches like tiny charms, feathers, or even button details from a grandparent’s clothing.

For corsages, use a simple elastic bracelet as the base. Hot glue your arrangement to a small felt circle, then attach to the bracelet. Spritz with a light floral perfume right before wearing for that fresh-flower illusion.

Weather-Proof Your Wedding Day

Create a realistic image of a beautiful outdoor wedding setup with artificial flower arrangements that remain pristine despite dark rain clouds in the background, showing how artificial flowers can weather-proof a wedding day, with clear protective covers over some decorations and a happy white bride adjusting her artificial flower crown while staying dry under a decorative wedding umbrella.

A. Rain or Shine: Artificial Flowers That Always Look Perfect

Real flowers wilt in rain and droop in heat. But artificial flowers? They stay perfect through tornado warnings and heatwaves.

I once coordinated a beach wedding where a surprise storm rolled in 20 minutes before the ceremony. The bride was panicking about everything—except her flowers. Her silk bouquets and centerpieces looked flawless even as guests huddled under tents waiting for the rain to pass.

Here’s the deal: quality artificial flowers are coated with water-resistant materials. They won’t bleed color when wet, and they snap right back into shape after a downpour. No more stress about your $3,000 flower investment turning into a soggy mess!

B. Heat-Resistant Arrangements for Summer Ceremonies

Summer brides, listen up. While your bridesmaids are melting and guests are fanning themselves with programs, your artificial arrangements will look Instagram-perfect from first look to last dance.

High-quality silk and foam flowers don’t wilt, brown, or droop in 90-degree heat. No emergency water sprays needed!

Pro tip: For outdoor summer weddings, avoid lower-quality plastic flowers—they can actually melt in extreme heat. Invest in premium silk or foam varieties that can handle the sunshine.

C. Preventing Wind Damage With Secure Floral Installations

Wind is the silent wedding destroyer. One good gust can send real petals flying across your venue like confetti.

The fix? Wire-stemmed artificial flowers can be properly secured to:

  • Arches (twist-tied to the structure)
  • Centerpieces (hot-glued to weighted bases)
  • Bouquets (stems wrapped tightly together)

I recommend using floral wire to secure each stem individually for ceremony backdrops. For centerpieces, heavy vases with floral foam keep everything in place even when the wind picks up.

D. Creating Indoor-Outdoor Consistency With Matching Arrangements

The trickiest part of wedding decor? Making your ceremony and reception feel like one cohesive event when they’re in different locations with different weather conditions.

Artificial flowers solve this problem beautifully. Your ceremony arch arrangement can be quickly moved to become your sweetheart table backdrop. The bridesmaid bouquets can double as centerpiece accents.

Since artificial arrangements won’t wilt or change appearance, you get perfect matching between all your wedding spaces—regardless of temperature differences or timing. This consistency looks incredibly intentional in photos and saves you serious cash on duplicate arrangements.

Time-Saving Preparation Techniques

Create a realistic image of hands (female, white) efficiently arranging artificial flowers on a wedding table, with a half-completed floral centerpiece, scattered silk flowers, a time management checklist, and organized supplies in clear containers, all bathed in bright natural light from a nearby window, conveying a productive and time-saving wedding preparation atmosphere.

Pre-Arranging Displays Months in Advance

Wedding prep stress is real, folks. But here’s a game-changer: artificial flowers let you create those stunning centerpieces and bouquets MONTHS before your big day.

Think about it – no rush, no wilting, no last-minute panic. You can set up a crafting station in your spare room and knock out arrangements whenever inspiration strikes. Many brides I’ve worked with finish their floral arrangements up to 6 months early!

Pro tip: Take photos of your finished arrangements from multiple angles. This way, if anything gets shifted during storage, you’ll have a reference for how to fix it.

Quick Assembly Methods for Day-Before Setup

Who wants to be gluing flowers at midnight before their wedding? Not you!

Try these speed techniques:

  • Create “floral clusters” in advance that snap together into larger pieces
  • Use command hooks and pre-measured ribbon to hang installations instantly
  • Pre-fill vases with foam and mark insertion points for stems

My favorite hack? Magnetic backing on centerpiece elements. Just place them on metal chargers and boom – instant, perfectly positioned arrangement.

Storage Solutions That Maintain Arrangement Quality

The worst thing? Creating gorgeous arrangements only to find them crushed or dusty on your wedding day.

Smart storage makes all the difference:

  • Clear plastic bins with custom dividers keep centerpieces pristine
  • Hanging garment bags protect wall pieces and chair decorations
  • Tissue paper between delicate elements prevents crushing

Color-code your storage containers to match your venue layout for foolproof setup. And always keep your most delicate pieces in hard-sided containers that can’t be squished under other boxes.

Mix-and-Match Strategies for Authenticity

Create a realistic image of a wedding table display featuring a sophisticated mix of artificial and real flowers arranged in complementary styles, with visible texture variations, some silk roses next to real greenery, crystal vases holding artificial hydrangeas alongside small potted succulents, all set against a softly lit reception backdrop that showcases how strategic combinations create an authentic, budget-friendly aesthetic.

Combining Real and Artificial Flowers Seamlessly

Who says you have to go all-in on fake flowers? The secret weapon of savvy brides is mixing real and artificial blooms. Grab some real flowers for your bouquet (the piece everyone photographs up close) and use quality silk flowers for centerpieces and decorative elements.

Nobody’s going to inspect those arch flowers from 20 feet away, trust me. The texture contrast actually works in your favor, creating depth that full-fake arrangements sometimes lack. And here’s a pro tip: use real greenery with artificial blooms—it’s cheaper than real flowers but adds that fresh scent and authentic movement.

Selecting Varieties That Look Most Realistic

Not all fake flowers are created equal. Roses, peonies, and hydrangeas typically look most convincing in artificial form because their natural counterparts have structured petals. Stay away from delicate flowers like sweet peas or lily of the valley—they’re dead giveaways.

Touch matters too. Premium silk flowers have weight similar to real blooms. Give them a gentle squeeze—if they bounce back naturally, you’ve got winners. And color? Avoid anything too perfect. Real flowers have subtle variations, so choose artificial ones with slight color gradients.

Strategic Placement for Maximum Impact

Where you put your fake flowers makes all the difference. Place them:

  • Higher up in hanging installations where nobody can touch them
  • Mixed into dense arrangements where individual blooms blend together
  • In dimly lit areas of your venue (candlelight is artificial flowers’ best friend)

Keep your most realistic pieces at eye level and save the budget options for high shelves or ceiling installations. The distance creates the illusion of perfection.

Adding Natural Elements for Enhanced Realism

The game-changer? Surrounding your artificial arrangements with genuine natural elements. Incorporate:

  • Fresh eucalyptus or other fragrant greenery (bonus: amazing smell!)
  • Real moss bases instead of floral foam
  • Actual branches or twigs for structural elements
  • A light spritz of flower-scented room spray

Drop a few real petals around displays to create the illusion that they’re all genuine. This attention to sensory details—especially scent—is what makes guests do double-takes wondering if those gorgeous arrangements are actually real.

Rental-to-Keepsake Transformations

Create a realistic image of a bride with delicate hands transforming rental artificial flowers into a personalized keepsake, showing half of the arrangement in its original rental state and half being customized with ribbons, charms, and personal touches, all on a crafting table with wedding photos nearby, soft natural lighting highlighting the intricate details.

Converting Ceremony Decorations for Reception Use

Ever thought about how those gorgeous artificial flowers decorating your ceremony space could do double duty? Smart brides don’t let those pretty arrangements sit idle after saying “I do.”

Here’s the hack: Design your ceremony decorations with your reception in mind from the start. Those flower arches? They can frame your sweetheart table later. Aisle markers? Perfect for buffet table accents.

The beauty of fake flowers is you can literally pick them up and move them without wilting or damage. Your bridesmaids or day-of coordinator can quickly relocate them during cocktail hour while you’re taking photos.

One bride I know had her ceremony arch disassembled and the flowers repurposed as centerpieces for her head table in under 15 minutes. That’s serious bang for your decorating buck!

Creating Lasting Mementos for Bridesmaids

Your bridesmaids stood by you through dress shopping, venue hunting, and maybe even a meltdown or two. Why not give them something meaningful they’ll actually keep?

Those bouquets they’re carrying? They’re keepsakes ready to happen. With artificial flowers, your girls can take them home without worry about wilting or maintenance.

Want to make them extra special? Add a personalized charm, piece of family jewelry, or a photo locket among the blooms. One creative bride I worked with wrapped her bridesmaids’ bouquet handles with fabric from her mother’s wedding dress.

Some brides even plan a post-reception “bouquet customization station” where bridesmaids can restyle their arrangements to match their home décor before taking them home.

Repurposing Wedding Flowers for Home Décor

After dropping serious cash on gorgeous artificial arrangements, don’t just stash them in the attic! These beauties deserve a second life in your newlywed nest.

Your bridal bouquet? Pop it in a statement vase on your coffee table or break it apart to create smaller arrangements throughout your home.

Centerpieces can transition beautifully to mantels, bookshelves, or bathroom counters. Ceremony flowers can be reworked into wreaths for your front door.

One couple I know took their sweetheart table garland and draped it above their bed as a permanent reminder of their special day. Another repurposed their ceremony arch flowers into a stunning dining room wall installation that became their home’s focal point.

The best part? Years later, these decorative pieces still look fresh and vibrant – a daily reminder of your wedding day that never fades.

Photography-Ready Artificial Arrangements

Create a realistic image of a professional wedding photographer capturing perfectly arranged artificial flower centerpieces on a beautifully decorated reception table, with soft natural lighting streaming through sheer curtains, highlighting the vibrant colors and realistic textures of the silk and foam flowers, demonstrating how artificial arrangements can look flawless in wedding photographs.

A. Choosing Flowers That Photograph Beautifully

Ever wonder why some artificial flowers look amazing in photos while others fall flat? It’s all about picking the right blooms.

First off, go for realistic textures. Camera lenses pick up details we might miss with our eyes. Silk flowers with fabric veining and natural-looking centers photograph way better than plastic varieties.

Colors matter big time. Deep burgundies, crisp whites, and blush pinks tend to pop in wedding photos. Avoid super bright neons—they can create weird color casts on your skin in photos.

Size counts too. Slightly oversized blooms (think peonies and garden roses) create that dramatic, lush look photographers love. They give photographers something substantial to focus on during detail shots.

B. Avoiding Common Artificial Flower Photography Pitfalls

The shine factor is your worst enemy. Cheap artificial flowers with that plastic sheen will immediately scream “fake” in professional photos. Dust your arrangements with a tiny bit of translucent powder to cut the shine.

Watch out for that too-perfect look. Real flowers have subtle imperfections—a slightly bent petal here, a touch of asymmetry there. The most photogenic artificial arrangements embrace these natural quirks.

Another rookie mistake? Static positioning. Natural flowers have movement and softness. Arrange your artificial stems with gentle bends and turns rather than stiff, uniform positioning.

And please—cut those price tags completely off. You’d be shocked how many tiny bits of plastic or stickers hide in artificial arrangements, only to be exposed by a camera flash.

C. Ensuring Consistent Look Throughout Photo Sessions

Wedding days are long. Real flowers wilt—artificial ones don’t. That’s your advantage!

Create a photo continuity kit with extra stems, floral tape, and pins. This way your photographer can quickly fix any arrangement issues between shots without panicking.

Indoor vs. outdoor lighting changes everything. Test your arrangements in different lighting conditions before the big day. Some artificial flowers look incredible in natural light but weird under reception spotlights.

Consider location transitions too. Your flowers will move from getting-ready rooms to ceremony spaces to reception venues. Make sure they photograph well in all planned backdrops by choosing versatile colors and textures.

Finally, brief your photographer about your artificial flowers. They might adjust their shooting style or lighting setup to complement your forever blooms.

Tackling Common Artificial Flower Challenges

Create a realistic image of a white female wedding planner demonstrating how to fix drooping artificial flower stems with floral wire, arranging a bouquet on a workbench with various tools nearby including wire cutters, floral tape, and hot glue gun, with a troubled artificial arrangement visible for comparison, in warm natural lighting that highlights the intricate details of the flowers.

A. Eliminating the “Fake Flower” Shine

That plastic sheen on artificial flowers is a dead giveaway. You know what I’m talking about – that glossy finish that screams “I came from a factory!” Here’s how to fix it:

Grab some matte finish spray from any craft store and give your blooms a light dusting. Not too much – just enough to knock down that shine. For a DIY option, mix one part water with one part cornstarch in a spray bottle and mist those babies lightly.

Another trick? Dust them with a tiny bit of translucent face powder using a makeup brush. Works like magic on roses and peonies!

B. Fixing Bent Stems and Misshapen Blooms

Found the perfect artificial flowers but they got squashed in shipping? No worries.

For bent stems, grab your hair dryer on low heat. Warm the stem gently and straighten it out with your fingers. Hold it in place for 30 seconds while it cools.

For crushed blooms, steam is your best friend. Hang them upside down in your bathroom during a hot shower, or carefully hold them over a kettle’s steam (not too close!). Then reshape with your fingers.

C. Customizing Colors to Match Your Wedding Palette

Got flowers in almost-but-not-quite your wedding colors? Change them!

White or cream artificial flowers make perfect canvases. Dilute acrylic paint with water (3 parts water, 1 part paint) and dip the flower heads for a watercolor effect. For precise application, use a small paintbrush to target specific petals.

Chalk pastels work wonders too – just rub the dust onto petal edges for a gorgeous ombré look.

D. Softening Stiff Arrangements for a Natural Look

Nobody wants flowers that look like they’d hurt if you fell on them. To soften stiff artificial arrangements:

Separate individual stems and rearrange them loosely. The key is varying heights and angles – nature is never perfectly symmetrical.

Add some “droop” to flowers by gently bending outer petals downward. Real flowers have gravity working on them – fake ones should mimic this.

Mix in some greenery or baby’s breath between blooms to break up the stiffness.

E. Removing Manufacturing Odors

That chemical smell can ruin the vibe fast. To banish it:

Fill a paper bag with baking soda, add your flowers, and seal it up. Let them sit overnight – the baking soda absorbs odors like nothing else.

For stubborn smells, mix equal parts water and white vinegar in a spray bottle, lightly mist the flowers, and let them air dry. The vinegar smell disappears as it dries, taking the chemical odor with it.

Want a bonus? Add a drop of your wedding perfume to the center of key bouquet flowers for a subtle scent that’s actually pleasant.

Creative Guest Favor Ideas

Create a realistic image of elegantly arranged artificial flower wedding favors displayed on a rustic wooden table, featuring small potted silk flowers, personalized seed packets, and miniature floral wreaths with attached thank you tags, all presented in soft, romantic lighting that highlights the delicate details of the artificial blooms.

A. Mini Arrangements Guests Will Actually Keep

Ever been to a wedding where you left the favor on the table? Yeah, me too. But mini artificial flower arrangements actually solve this problem beautifully.

Think small, charming arrangements in tiny vintage teacups, miniature mason jars, or even repurposed shot glasses. The secret? Make them practical. A small artificial succulent arrangement can become someone’s desk buddy for years.

Some crowd-pleasing ideas:

  • Tiny wildflower bouquets with personalized tags
  • Single silk roses in bud vases with fairy lights
  • Miniature wreaths that double as Christmas ornaments
  • Succulent arrangements in geometric holders

The best part? You can make these months before your wedding without worrying about wilting or watering. Your guests will actually take these home—promise.

B. DIY Flower Bar for Interactive Guest Experience

Wedding receptions can sometimes drag between dinner and dancing. Solution? The DIY flower bar.

Set up a table with various artificial flower stems, ribbons, wires, and small vases. Let guests create their own take-home arrangements while mingling.

Here’s how to nail it:

  1. Provide simple instruction cards with basic arrangement tips
  2. Offer 3-4 color schemes that match your wedding palette
  3. Include small cards for guests to write messages to attach to their creations
  4. Station a few crafty friends nearby to help the less artistic guests

This isn’t just a favor—it’s entertainment! I’ve seen wedding guests spend happy hours chatting while creating their masterpieces. Plus, they’re making memories along with mementos.

C. Personalized Floral Keepsakes That Double as Place Cards

Wondering how to guide guests to their seats while giving them something special? Personalized floral keepsakes crush both goals.

Try these showstoppers:

  • Miniature flower crowns with name tags for the ladies
  • Boutonnières with wooden name tags for the gents
  • Personalized flower-adorned wine charms
  • Small floral hairpins or clips with calligraphy name cards

The trick is making these pieces personal. Add tiny details that reflect your relationship with specific guests. Maybe your college roommate gets colors from your alma mater, while family members get flowers that represent their birth months.

When guests find these at their place settings, they’re immediately connected to your special day—and they’ve got something gorgeous to take home.

Travel-Friendly Flower Solutions

Create a realistic image of a small, elegant suitcase open to reveal neatly packed artificial wedding flowers, with a passport, boarding pass, and travel itinerary visible beside it, showcasing how artificial flowers can be transported without damage, set against a bright hotel room background with natural lighting streaming through sheer curtains.

A. Packing Arrangements for Destination Weddings

Ever tried fitting fresh flowers into a suitcase? Total disaster. This is where artificial flowers shine brightest. Pack your bouquets and centerpieces in compression bags—squeeze the air out and they’ll take half the space! For more structured arrangements, use sturdy hatboxes lined with tissue paper. Pro tip: disassemble larger pieces and number the components with tiny stickers for easy reassembly. Keep a small emergency kit with floral wire, tape, and a mini glue gun to fix any travel damage in minutes.

B. TSA-Approved Ways to Transport Your Florals

The TSA won’t bat an eye at your artificial flowers, unlike fresh ones that might get confiscated at agricultural checkpoints. Still, there are smart ways to get through security smoothly. Pack your wedding flowers in clear containers or bags so agents can see them without digging through your carefully packed items. Carry your bridal bouquet in a special bouquet travel box—these hard-shell cases protect your arrangement and count as your personal item on most airlines. For destination weddings, ship bulkier centerpieces ahead to your venue using a shipping service with tracking.

C. Setting Up Quickly in Remote Locations

The beauty of fake flowers? They’re ready whenever you are. For beach weddings, pre-attach floral arrangements to stakes that easily push into sand. For mountain venues, use command hooks and pre-measured floral garlands to transform spaces in minutes without tools. Create a color-coded setup guide with photos for anyone helping with assembly. The night before, stage all arrangements in numbered boxes corresponding to your venue map. Since you don’t need water or refrigeration, you can set up days ahead in remote locations—something impossible with real blooms.

Post-Wedding Flower Investment

Create a realistic image of a white female bride arranging artificial wedding flowers into a shadow box frame in a well-lit living room, showing how preserved bouquets become home decor, with visible price tags indicating cost savings, demonstrating the post-wedding investment value of artificial floral arrangements.

Selling Your Arrangements to Future Couples

Ever thought your wedding flowers could pay you back? Artificial flower arrangements don’t wilt, so why not sell them after your big day?

Most newlyweds pack away their decor in storage, never to see daylight again. But your gorgeous centerpieces, bouquets, and altar displays could be another couple’s treasure.

Wedding resale sites like Stillwhite and Facebook Marketplace are gold mines for this. Take quality photos showing different angles of your arrangements and price them at 40-60% of what you paid. Trust me, budget-conscious couples will snatch them up faster than you can say “I do.”

Quick tip: Include a card mentioning they were used at only one wedding. Buyers love that personal touch.

Donating to Nursing Homes and Hospitals

Your wedding flowers can bring joy long after your celebration ends. Nursing homes and hospitals always appreciate beautiful arrangements that won’t trigger allergies or wilt.

I once dropped off my sister’s wedding centerpieces at a local retirement community, and the residents’ faces lit up immediately. One woman told me it was the first flowers she’d received in years.

Unlike fresh flowers, artificial arrangements are perfect for healthcare settings where they:

  • Last indefinitely
  • Require zero maintenance
  • Don’t affect patients with allergies or compromised immune systems
  • Add color to otherwise clinical environments

Call ahead to check donation policies, but most places welcome these cheerful additions.

Creating Home Décor That Commemorates Your Day

Those flowers represent one of your happiest days—why box them away?

Transform your wedding flowers into everyday reminders of your special day:

  • Create a shadow box with your bouquet alongside your invitation and a photo
  • Repurpose centerpieces for your dining table or mantel
  • Make seasonal wreaths using elements from larger arrangements
  • Frame pressed flowers from your bouquet with your vows

The best part? Unlike preserved real flowers that turn brown and brittle, artificial flowers stay vibrant for years.

My friend Sarah turned her cascade bouquet into three separate arrangements throughout her home. Every guest comments on them, giving her the perfect opportunity to relive wedding memories.

Seasonal Refreshes to Keep Arrangements Current

Wedding flowers typically follow a specific color scheme that might not work year-round in your home. No problem! With artificial flowers, seasonal updates are super easy.

For spring/summer, add:

  • Bright ribbon accents
  • Butterfly picks
  • Lighter greenery elements

For fall/winter, incorporate:

  • Pinecones or berries
  • Gold or copper accents
  • Deeper colored accent flowers

You don’t need to replace everything—just swap a few elements to refresh the look. I’ve seen couples keep the same base arrangement for years, just changing small details with each season.

With minimal investment, your wedding flowers become versatile décor that evolves with your home and style preferences throughout the years.

Create a realistic image of a smiling bride in a white wedding dress holding a bouquet of vibrant artificial flowers, standing in an elegantly decorated reception area with creative flower arrangements visible in the background, soft natural lighting highlighting the beauty and practicality of artificial flowers in wedding decor.

Artificial flowers offer countless creative possibilities for your wedding day, beyond just budget-friendly alternatives to fresh blooms. From ensuring your decorations remain perfect regardless of weather conditions to simplifying your preparation timeline, these versatile elements provide practical solutions for many common wedding challenges. The strategies outlined—mixing artificial with real flowers, creating photography-ready arrangements, and transforming rentals into keepsakes—demonstrate how artificial florals can enhance rather than compromise your wedding aesthetic.

Your artificial flower journey doesn’t end after the celebration, either. Consider how these lasting mementos can become meaningful keepsakes or be repurposed into home décor. Whether you’re planning a destination wedding, seeking sustainable decoration options, or looking to maximize your wedding budget, artificial flowers offer versatility and longevity that fresh flowers simply cannot match. With these ten hacks in your planning toolkit, you can create a stunning, personalized wedding that reflects your style while offering practical advantages every step of the way.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *